Affordable housing issue: Experimental investigation on properties of eco-friendly lightweight concrete produced from incorporating periwinkle and palm kernel shells

Abstract In recent times, sustainable production of concrete is now considered a major issue due to continuous depletion raw resources. Thus, this current study investigates the physical and strength performance eco-friendly produced with combination periwinkle (PWS) palm kernel shells (PKS) used as an alternative for granite. Two mix ratios 1:2:4 1:1.5:3 (cement: sand: granite) were 28-day target 20 ​N/mm2 25 ​N/mm2, respectively. A total number 144 cubes PWS PKS was partial replacement granite in mixes considered. Physical properties materials determined, while hardened samples tested their density compressive strength. Obtained results showed that both are lightweight compare granite, thus significantly influence density. The revealed decreasing trend development mixes. decreases combined content increases However, containing from mix-ratio exhibited some comparable control. can be equally at optimum 5%. This implies low-cost using shells, helping provide affordable housing also preserving materials.